Robert Clark Summary Current surgical approaches overemphasize repositioning the tendinous insertions of the extraocular muscles (EOMs), neglecting key concepts about EOM anatomy that provide the foundation for both innovations in…
Paul Mitchell Summary Strabismus has been evident and documented at least since 2723 BC. Various perforated masks and glasses have been used in an attempt to realign the eyes, without…
Irene Ludwig and Everett Moody Summary Diagnosing strabismus begins with a thorough history. The taking of a good medical history is an important acquired skill, which should not be relegated…
Eyal Gur, Daniel J. Kedar Summary The face through facial expressions is the center of our entire emotional life. Facial nerve paralysis is a devastating condition with profound functional, aesthetic…
David Leshem, Sivan Zissman Summary Prominent ear is a relatively common disorder, which can be caused by different anatomical variations. Preoperative evaluation should include the child’s capability of understanding and…
David Ben-Nun, Ravit Yanko, Arik Zaretski, Dan M. Fliss, Nidal Muhanna Summary Free flap transfer in reconstructive head-and-neck microsurgeries in the pediatric patient is overall a rare and underreported phenomenon…
Justin Loloi, Meghan Wilson, Jessyka G. Lighthall Summary When primary closure of facial defects is not an option, local and regional flaps are instrumental to re-establishing function and providing a…
Gil Lahav, Ophir Handzel Summary Traumatic insults to the temporal bone (TB) in the pediatric population are not rare. TB trauma can result in life-threatening complications and severe functional loss….
Amir Laviv, Amir Shuster, Vadim Reiser Summary Pediatric craniofacial skeleton fractures can be challenging to manage. The patterns of trauma and the possible long-term growth disturbances, makes the clinical considerations…
Diego Preciado, George Zalzal Summary This chapter will review the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations for successfully carrying out laryngotracheal reconstruction. Key points of consideration to ensure success while avoiding…
