Effusion/Detachment
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Choroidal effusion is the accumulation of fluid (serous) or blood (hemorrhagic) into the suprachoroidal potential space due to increased intramural pressure. • Often occur after trauma, perioperatively,…
serous chorioretinopathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Central serous chorioretinopathy, also called central serous retinopathy or idiopathic central serous retinopathy, is an ocular condition characterized by: – Serous retinal detachment, typically seen in the…
Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Robert J. Goulet IIIKathryn B. FreidlL. Jay Katz BASICS DESCRIPTION • Angle closure is defined by apposition of the iris against the trabecular meshwork. In acute primary angle closure, the…
Sinus Syndrome/Orbital Apex Syndrome
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Orbital apex syndrome: A constellation of findings including combined motor and sensory deficit of the eye and orbit secondary to multiple etiologies: Pathology involving the oculomotor nerve…
Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO)
Gaurav K. Shah BASICS DESCRIPTION • An obstruction of blood flow through a branch retinal vein at an arterio-venous crossing site (1)[C]. It commonly presents with a variable level of…
and Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
BASICS DESCRIPTION • The central retinal artery exits the optic nerve to provide blood supply to the inner retinal layers. • Occlusion of either the central retinal artery or one…
Hemangioma of the Retina
BASICS DESCRIPTION Rare, congenital retinal vascular hamartoma EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence Very rare, and cannot be accurately specified as many patients are asymptomatic and do not seek ophthalmic care. Prevalence Very rare…
Hemangioma of the Orbit
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit is a benign proliferation of vascular channels which induces progressive ectasia. – This may also occur in the central nervous system, liver,…
in Children
BASICS DESCRIPTION Round pupils that differ in size by 0.5 mm or more EPIDEMIOLOGY Prevalence • 15–30% (physiologic) • Other causes rare RISK FACTORS • Physiologic: None • Trauma (including…
