Pediculosis
Julie Rosenthal BASICS DESCRIPTION • A rare condition associated with infestation of eyelashes and eyebrows by Phthirus pubis (crab louse) • Manifests as irritation and pruritus of eyelid margins •…
Optic Neuropathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a chronic orbital inflammatory disease, commonly associated with hyperthyroidism (90%) but occasionally with hypo- or euthyroid status. EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence Female: Male ratio of…
Papilledema
BASICS DESCRIPTION Papilledema is defined as optic disc swelling secondary to elevated intracranial pressure. It is typically bilateral but can be asymmetric. ALERT Papilledema may be caused by a life-threatening…
Disc Syndrome
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Elevated superotemporal optic disc with posteriorly displaced inferonasal disc resulting in an oval appearance of the optic nerve head • Long axis of disc obliquely oriented •…
Syndrome (Uveomeningitis)
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with skin, meningeal, and auditory-vestibular involvement • Usually occurs in more darkly pigmented individuals EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Rare • More common in young patients…
Superficial Punctate Keratopathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Multiple, transient, whitish-grey, slightly elevated corneal epithelial opacities • No stromal involvement, corneal edema, or conjunctival hyperemia • Typically bilateral, may be asymmetric (1) EPIDEMIOLOGY • Affects…
Hemorrhage
BASICS DESCRIPTION An orbital hemorrhage is a hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, bound anteriorly by the orbital septum and canthal tendons. EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Orbital fractures (0.45–0.6%) • Retrobulbar injections…
Retinopathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION Characteristic retinopathy with small, intraretinal, whitish yellow, refractile deposits in patients who abuse intravenous drugs, especially those made from crushed tablets or powder (1)[B] RISK FACTORS Occurs in…
CELLULITIS
BASICS DESCRIPTION Orbital cellulitis is an acute infection of the soft tissue contained within the orbital space. It typically arises from adjacent sinusitis but can also occur from spreading of…
Keratoconjunctivitis
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Uncommon, usually unilateral, affects conjunctiva and/or cornea • Seen more commonly in children and young adults • Due to type IV hypersensitivity reaction to microbial agents •…
