Noninfectious Orbital Inflammation
Figure 11.1 Hematopoietic lineage from pluripotential stem cell. If an antigen evades the innate immune system, it will be attacked by the adaptive system, which manifests specificity for its target antigen…
Lower Eyelid and Eyelash Malpositions
Figure. 29.1 Sagittal section of the lower lid demonstrating the anterior, middle, and posterior lamellae. (With permission from Rodriguez ED. Volume 3: Craniofacial, Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatric Plastic Surgery. In:…
Facial Nerve Palsy
Figure 31.1 Facial nerve anatomy showing afferent and efferent pathways with target organs. Table 31.2 Components of the Facial Nerve Type Component Function Efferent Branchial motor To supply the stapedius, stylohyoid,…
Infantile Hemangiomas and Other Vascular Neoplasms
Figure 25.1 Conceptual dichotomies in vascular anomalies. Table 25.1 Comparison of Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations Hemangiomas Malformations Absent at birth Present at birth Independent life cycle Relentless progression Rapid proliferation (+…
Infections of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa
Figure 10.1 Anterior infective seborrheic blepharitis. Figure 10.2 Posterior blepharitis (meibomitis). Figure 10.3 Advanced posterior blepharitis with inflammation and loss of Meibomian gland orifices and lashes. Signs of bacterial superinfection include the following…
Orbital Developmental Disorders
Figure 7.2 Congenital microphthalmia with a cyst. Figure 7.1 Left anophthalmia with asymmetry and phimosis of eyelids. In some cases, microphthalmia can present with a cyst, which ultimately may require a surgical…
The Anophthalmic Socket and Complications
Figure 36.1 Extirpation method of Bartisch. (Reproduced from Bartisch G. Augendienst. 1583.) Figure 36.2 Examples of orbital implants from the past. A, This hollow plastic sphere is similar in appearance to the original…
Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Figure 15.1 Common lymphatic nodal and extranodal sites. Ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disorders (OALDs) comprise 10% of all extranodal disease and may involve any part of the orbital soft tissue, as well…
