12.2 Temporal Bone Fractures Fig. 12.1 Fractures through the petrous pyramid may result from either posterior or lateral blows to the head. The skull base fractures more easily when struck from the…
Cochlear implantation remains one of modern medicine’s greatest innovations, having restored hearing to hundreds of thousands of individuals around the world. Refinements of implant technology and associated surgical techniques have…
10.2 Endolymphatic Sac Surgery Fig. 10.1 In preparation for exposure of the endolymphatic sac, an intact canal wall mastoidectomy is performed. In contrast to many drawings which appear in otologic texts, the…
13.2 Lateral Temporal Bone Resection Fig. 13.1 Temporal bone resection for malignancy encompasses three related procedures of progressively increasing depth: sleeve resection of the external auditory canal (solid line), lateral temporal bone…
The petrous apex is the medial portion of the petrous ridge situated between the inner ear and the clivus. In its base lies foramen lacerum traversed by the internal carotid…
Pulsatile tinnitus may have many sources. Most commonly it occurs in conductive hearing loss, especially middle ear effusion, due to reduced external hearing and augmented vascular pulsations conducted through the…
Fig. 1.1 Adolph Kussmaul The new medical field was at first denominated as voice and speech pathology (Stimm- und Sprachheilkunde). The closest approximation, however, to the present term ‘phoniatrics’ was…
Voice complaints Timbre change Pitch Loudness Hoarseness Episodes of voice loss Onset and nature of problems Sudden/prolonged Acute/chronic Duration of symptoms Presence of fatigue voice Changes of voice quality during…
Fig. 16.1 Family tree of an autosomal recessive hearing disorder 16.1.3 Clinical Examination During the examination neonates and smaller children will usually sit on the lap of the caregiver. Older…
Hyperfunctional dysphonia Hypofunctional dysphonia Pathological mechanism Irregularities of vocal fold vibration due to increased glottal resistance Glottal closure insufficiency due to decreased glottal resistance Subjective complaints Vocal discomfort and…
