Post-Vitrectomy Endophthalmitis
Authors Year Case occurrence Incidence Ho and Tolentino [2] 1984 4/2817 0.14% Cohen et al. [4] 1995 18/12,216 0.15% Aaberg et al. [3] 1998 3/6557 0.04% Zhang et al. [5]…
Endophthalmitis After Intravitreal Injections
Fig. 14.1 S. epidermidis growth in a patient after intravitreal injection of Avastin. (Top) Gram stain at 100× magnification showing gram-positive cocci in groups; (bottom) blood (left) and chocolate (right)…
Epidemiology and Treatment Trend of Endophthalmitis in Asia
Author Year Country Incidence (%) Jabbarvand et al. [13] 2016 Iran 0.02 Nam et al. [14] 2015 Korea 0.37 Yao et al. [12] 2013 China 0.03 Matsuura et al. [15]…
Epidemiology of Endophthalmitis and Treatment Trend in Europe
Reference Country Publication year Period Total N IPOE N IPOE rate (%) IPOE rate with IC antibiotics IPOE rate without IC antibiotics (%) Romero (5) Spain 2006 2001–2004 7268 25…
Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome (TASS) and Noninfectious Endophthalmitis
Source Cause Irrigating solutions or ophthalmic viscoelastic devices Incomplete chemical composition • Incorrect pH (<6.5 or >8.5) • Incorrect osmolality (<200 mOsm or >400 mOsm) • Preservatives or additives (e.g., antibiotics, dilating…
Epidemiology and Treatment Trends in North America
Yale 1998–2008 Bascom Palmer 1996–2001 Bascom Palmer 2002–2012 New York 1987–2001 Authors Chen 2012 [4] Schimel 2013 [5] Gentile 2014 [6] Coagulase-negative staph 37.5% 37.1% 36.1% 39.4% S. aureus…
Using Vector Analysis to Calculate Surgically Induced Astigmatism and Refractive Change
Fig. 2.1 Graphic representation of vector analysis. (a) An example vector of +2.00 × 60° is depicted in power cross cylinder notation. (b) The same vector is depicted in double-angle…
Screening for Subclinical Keratoconus and Prevention of Corneal Ectasia with SCORE Analyzer Software
Fig. 9.1 Patient with documented keratoconus of the left eye, and a cornea considered to be topographically normal by the neural network, according to calculated Klyce/Maeda indices (Placido topography by…
Indices and Screening Tests for Subclinical Keratoconus
Fig. 8.1 For an isolated index (or a group of indices), and regardless of the cutoff value adopted, a screening method based on a cutoff value is unable to discriminate…
Use of Toric IOLs in the Correction of Astigmatism with Cataract Surgery
Study ID Intervention Comparison group Follow-up Preoperative astigmatism Study population Freitas et al. 2014 Toric IOL in both eyes (AcrySof Toric TM, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX) Non-toric IOL (AcrySof Natural,…
