Basics of Allergy
• The age group most affected by AR is late teens to early twenties. • Risk factors: cigarette exposure, family history of atopy, higher socioeconomic status, first born or only…
Acute Rhinosinusitis
FIGURE 15–1. Purulent discharge from middle meatus indicates acute rhinosinusitis. FIGURE 15–2. A swab is introduced into the middle meatus to obtain purulent discharge for bacterial culture. • Specimens from…
Epistaxis and Its Management
– Juvenile nasal angiofibromas (JNA) classically present with heavy epistaxis in a teenage male 7. Vascular anomalies – Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) causes recurrent epistaxis from vascular anomalies in the…
Pediatric Rhinosinusitis
2. Other symptoms – Purulent rhinorrhea – Fever – Localized pain – Elevated ESR/CRP Imaging • Usually not indicated unless presenting complicating symptoms: 1. Periorbital swelling, neurologic issues (severe headaches,…
Laboratory Tests for the Diagnosis of Allergy
3. When the patient is exposed to the allergen again it crosslinks the allergen-specific IgE antibodies on these cells. 4. If enough of the IgE antibodies are crosslinked with allergen,…
Diagnosis and Classification of Rhinosinusitis
3. Fatigue 4. Dental pain 5. Cough 6. Ear pain/pressure/fullness • Diagnosis requires two major symptoms, or one major and two minor symptoms; secondary criteria only “count” if accompanied by…
