FIGURE 36–1. Endoscopic image of a cadaveric dissection of the anterior skull base region after complete exposure of the anterior ventral skull base via a modified Lothrop procedure anteriorly, total…
• The age group most affected by AR is late teens to early twenties. • Risk factors: cigarette exposure, family history of atopy, higher socioeconomic status, first born or only…
FIGURE 15–1. Purulent discharge from middle meatus indicates acute rhinosinusitis. FIGURE 15–2. A swab is introduced into the middle meatus to obtain purulent discharge for bacterial culture. • Specimens from…
– Juvenile nasal angiofibromas (JNA) classically present with heavy epistaxis in a teenage male 7. Vascular anomalies – Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) causes recurrent epistaxis from vascular anomalies in the…
2. Other symptoms – Purulent rhinorrhea – Fever – Localized pain – Elevated ESR/CRP Imaging • Usually not indicated unless presenting complicating symptoms: 1. Periorbital swelling, neurologic issues (severe headaches,…
3. When the patient is exposed to the allergen again it crosslinks the allergen-specific IgE antibodies on these cells. 4. If enough of the IgE antibodies are crosslinked with allergen,…
3. Fatigue 4. Dental pain 5. Cough 6. Ear pain/pressure/fullness • Diagnosis requires two major symptoms, or one major and two minor symptoms; secondary criteria only “count” if accompanied by…
