Fig. 10.1 Plain DCG in a trauma setting showing a right distal nasolacrimal duct obstruction (Photo courtesy: Gangadhar Sundar, Singapore) Digital Subtraction Dacryocystography (DS-DCG) DS-DCG was first described by Galloway…
Fig. 34.1 Local infiltration anesthesia Fig. 34.2 Anterior ethmoidal nerve block Incision Though various incisions have been described, the author prefers the commonly used curvilinear incision of about 10–12 mm…
Fig. 32.1 Dacryoendoscope with rigid telescope and black eye piece Fig. 32.2 A closer view of side port Canalicular obstructions and NLDO are therapeutic challenges. Most of the lacrimal obstructions…
Fig. 7.1 Nasal endoscopes; from left to right 4-mm 0°, 4-mm 30°, and 2.7-mm 30°endoscopes Adjunct Equipment In addition to the selected endoscope, a good halogen or xenon light source…
Fig. 24.1 Schematic overview of ECLDCR (Photo courtesy: Josie Henson, Philippines) Patient Selection Proper screening tests should confirm the diagnosis of primary acquired NLDO. Only patients with chronic epiphora without…
Fig. 31.1 Wide dilation of punctum Fig. 31.2 Primary passage of Bowman probe or balloon probe into canaliculus Fig. 31.3 Proper orientation to pass probe into duct Fig. 31.4 Balloon…
Fig. 33.1 Clinical photograph of a patient presenting with a palpable mass above the medial canthal tendon with epiphora Fig. 33.2 A positive fluorescein dye disappearance test (FDDT) in the…
Fig. 18.1 A child with a stent prolapsed Fig. 18.2 Closer view of a stent prolapse Fig. 18.3 Traditional way of securing the stent at lateral vestibule with a nonabsorbable…
Fig. 1.1 Code of Hammurabi (2250 BC) Fig. 1.2 Ebers Papyrus (1500 BC) Fig. 1.3 Hippocrates (460–377 BC) The Greeks made significant contributions in the early days. Most diseases of…
Fig. 20.1 The transconjunctival incision Fig. 20.2 Dissection to access the anterior lacrimal crest Fig. 20.3 Bony osteotomy Nasal and saccal mucosae are incised to “H”-shaped flaps, as in external…
