for Small-Incision Cataract Surgery
Onset Duration Potency Toxicity Ester-type hydrolyzed by plasma cholinesterase (liver) Allergic reaction more likely (formation of PABA) Procaine S S L L Tetracaine S I I I Cocaine S…
Small-Incision Cataract Surgery
Study At 6 weeks At 6 months Phaco MSICS Phaco MSICS Venkatesh [32] 0.80 1.20 – – Gogate [31] 1.10 1.20 – – George [28] 0.77 1.17 – – Ruit…
Miscellaneous Rare Macular Dystrophies
Fig. 10.1 Clinical stages of central areolar choroidal dystrophy (CACD). (a) Fundoscopy of stage 1 CACD reveals slight parafoveal hypopigmentation. (b) This area of hypopigmentation on ophthalmoscopy corresponds with an…
Macular Changes in Generalized Retinal Dystrophies and in Cone Dystrophies
Fig. 4.1 Parafoveal hyperpigmentation in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa Fig. 4.2 Wide ring of hyperautofluorescence surrounding area of hypoautofluorescence in same patient as in Fig. 4.1 4.2.3 Bull’s-Eye Maculopathy…
Mitochondrial Retinal Dystrophy Associated with the (m.3243A>G) Mutation
Grade Mean visual acuity Ophthalmoscopy Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) Optical coherence tomography Fluorescein angiography (FA) 1 20/20 (range, 20/25–20/16) Mild pigmentary abnormalities in the central fundus (Fig. 8.1a) Mild hypoautofluorescent mottling…
Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy
Fig. 1.1 Fundus autofluorescence using ultra-wide-field imaging in a patient with vitelliform stage. The lesion is intensively hyperautofluorecent 1.6 Fluorescein and Indocyanine Angiography The yellowish material in the vitelliform and…
Stargardt Disease
Photopic ERG Scotopic ERG Multifocal ERG Stargardt N/↓ N/↓ ↓ Cone dystrophies ↓↓ N ↓↓ Cone-rod dystrophies ↓↓ ↓ ↓↓ Late-onset Stargardt The misunderstanding is that patients with an…
X-Linked Retinoschisis
Fig. 9.1 (a) Colour fundus photographs; (b) fundus autofluorescence; (c) foveal horizontal scan for SD-OCT (Adapted from Audo et al. [9] with the kind permission of Springer Science + Business…
North Carolina Macular Dystrophy and North Carolina Macular Dystrophy-Like Disorders
Fig. 6.1 North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD) (MCDR1). Colour fundus photographs showing both the typical drusen-associated phenotype that can be seen in NCMD (above) and the characteristic grade 3 pigmented…
Malattia Leventinese (Autosomal Dominant Drusen)
Fig. 5.1 Family 1: two affected daughters, (a–d) mother (e, f), and their 64-year-old mother. (a) Fundus color the left eye (LE) of 36-year-old female: juxtapapillary drusen and some drusen…
