Mooren’s Ulcer
Mooren’s Ulcer C. Stephen Foster Bowman first described what we now call Mooren’s ulcer of the cornea (also known as chronic serpiginous ulcer and ulcus rodens) in 1849 (1). Mooren…
Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis
Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis D. Rex Hamilton Elizabeth A. Davis INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis (PKC) is a localized, noninfectious inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface characterized by subepithelial nodules of…
Chlamydial Keratitis and Conjunctivitis
Chlamydial Keratitis and Conjunctivitis Elisabeth M. Messmer PREVALENCE Chlamydiae have long been important causes of ocular infections and are still the second leading cause of blindness in Africa (1,2). Trachoma…
Cicatrizing Conjunctivitis
Cicatrizing Conjunctivitis Esen Karamursel Akpek Ozge Ilhan-Sarac Chronic cicatrizing conjunctivitis (CCC) is a broad term encompassing a spectrum of clinical disorders that result in conjunctival fibrosis and scar tissue formation….
Conjunctivitis and Drug Hypersensitivity
Conjunctivitis and Drug Hypersensitivity Helen K. Wu Conjunctival inflammation may result from allergic and toxic reactions to medication and is common among external eye diseases. Particularly familiar is the clinical…
Atopic Conjunctivitis
Atopic Conjunctivitis Neal P. Barney Atopy refers to hypersensitivities in persons with a hereditary background of allergic diseases as first described by Cocoa and Cooke (1). The major, most commonly…
Parasitic Keratitis and Conjunctivitis
Parasitic Keratitis and Conjunctivitis Joseph Tauber Faisal Jehan Parasitic ocular infections are a common cause of worldwide ocular morbidity and vision loss. The incidence of parasitic ocular infections is increasing,…
Viral Disease of the Ocular Anterior Segment: Basic Science and Clinical Disease
Viral Disease of the Ocular Anterior Segment: Basic Science and Clinical Disease Deborah Pavan-Langston VIRUSES General Characteristics Unlike bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, viruses are obligate intracellular parasites dependent on the…
Fungal Infections
Fungal Infections Eduardo C. Alfonso Richard K. Forster Prashant Garg Savitri Sharma FUNGAL KERATITIS Fungal keratitis is one of the most challenging types of microbial keratitis for the ophthalmologist to…
Fungal Keratitis, Conjunctivitis, and Canaliculitis: Mycology
Fungal Keratitis, Conjunctivitis, and Canaliculitis: Mycology Marlene L. Durand INTRODUCTION TO FUNGI On the phylogenetic tree, fungi are closer to animals and plants than they are to bacteria. Like plants…
