10.1055/b-0038-162740 2.1 Airway Assessment and Management All forms of surgery in the head and neck region require consideration of airway management, maintenance of ventilation with an adequate form of anesthesia,…
10.1055/b-0038-162741 2.2 Anesthesia 2.2.1 Principles of Anesthesia Modes of Anesthesia General anesthesia: This mode is characterized by total loss of consciousness with blunted (or absent) protective upper airway reflexes and…
10.1055/b-0038-162739 2.0 Preoperative Assessment The aims of the Preoperative Assessment are risk stratification and identification of medical conditions and their severity ( Table 2.1 ). An additional goal is to…
10.1055/b-0038-162738 1.8 Complementary and Alternative Otolaryngologic Medicine Key Features Patients often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM); it is important to inquire about use. There is evidence that some CAM…
10.1055/b-0038-162737 1.7 Lasers in Otolaryngology Key Features The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is the most commonly used laser in otolaryngology—head and neck surgery and facial plastic surgery. Complications of laser…
10.1055/b-0038-162736 1.6 Geriatric Otolaryngology Key Features The elderly population is expanding rapidly worldwide. The elderly often present with multiple comorbidities. Disease presentation in the elderly may be atypical. For safe…
10.1055/b-0038-162735 1.5 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Key Features After toothache, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are the most common cause of facial pain. Most patients respond to conservative management. Surgical treatments can…
10.1055/b-0038-162734 1.4 Benign Oral and Odontogenic Disorders Key Features Pathology may arise from any of the tissue types within the oral cavity—mucosal, glandular, nervous, vascular, immunologic, osseous, and dental. Lesions…
10.1055/b-0038-162733 1.3 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Key Features Sleep apnea is a cessation of breathing during sleep. Sleep apnea may be central, obstructive, or mixed. Obstructive sleep apnea is caused by…
10.1055/b-0038-162731 1.1 Diagnostic Imaging of the Head and Neck Many of the structures of the head and neck are deep and inaccessible to direct visualization, palpation, or inspection. Therefore, valuable…
