7.1 Physiology of the Thyroid Gland
10.1055/b-0038-162776 7.1 Physiology of the Thyroid Gland Key Features The functional unit of the thyroid gland is the follicle ( Fig. 7.2 ). Thyroid follicles are composed of a single…
7.6 Thyroid Storm
10.1055/b-0038-162781 7.6 Thyroid Storm Key Features Thyroid storm is a rare and potentially fatal complication of hyperthyroidism. Approximately 1 to 2% of patients with hyperthyroidism progress to thyroid storm. It…
7.5 Hypothyroidism
10.1055/b-0038-162780 7.5 Hypothyroidism Key Features Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland produces insufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. In…
7.4 Hyperthyroidism
10.1055/b-0038-162779 7.4 Hyperthyroidism Key Features Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic condition associated with elevated levels of free T4, free T3, or both. The incidence of hyperthyroidism is between 0.05 and 1.3%,…
7.3 Thyroid Nodules and Cysts
10.1055/b-0038-162778 7.3 Thyroid Nodules and Cysts Key Features A thyroid nodule is a discrete lesion within the thyroid gland that is radiologically distinct from the surrounding thyroid parenchyma. Nodular disease…
7.2 Thyroid Evaluation
10.1055/b-0038-162777 7.2 Thyroid Evaluation Key Features Thyroid function tests are common procedures performed to determine how well the thyroid is functioning. Evaluation may include blood tests and imaging (ultrasound), nuclear…
7.0 Embryology and Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland
10.1055/b-0038-162775 7.0 Embryology and Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland Key Features The thyroid is an H-shaped vascular gland located in the anterior lower neck just below the larynx. Its function…
6.4 The Salivary Glands
10.1055/b-0038-162774 6.4 The Salivary Glands 6.4.0 Embryology and Anatomy of the Salivary Glands Key Features The salivary glands begin to form at 6 to 9 weeks gestation. The major salivary…
6.3 Head and Neck Cancer
10.1055/b-0038-162773 6.3 Head and Neck Cancer Key Features Head and neck cancer comprises a heterogeneous group of tumors, consisting predominantly of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the upper aerodigestive tract….
6.0 Anatomy of the Neck
10.1055/b-0038-162770 6.0 Anatomy of the Neck Surgically, it is useful to consider the neck anatomy in terms of compartments or levels and to consider fascial layers. The neck is covered…
