Aniridia

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Aniridia

Clinical background Aniridia refers to a bilateral malformation of the eye in which the most prominent clinical finding is variable to near-total absence of the iris. The word aniridia is…

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Cellular repopulation of the retina

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Cellular repopulation of the retina

Clinical background Advances in the treatment of diseases involving the ocular anterior segment, particularly the lens and cornea, have greatly decreased the prevalence of visual impairment caused by dysfunction of…

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Retinal energy metabolism

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Retinal energy metabolism

Clinical background ( Box 73.1 ) Altered retinal oxygenation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many retinal diseases and a hypothesized role in others. Unfortunately, despite decades of…

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Acute retinal vascular occlusive disorders

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Acute retinal vascular occlusive disorders

Overview Acute retinal vascular occlusive disorders collectively constitute a major cause of serious visual impairment. Despite the fact that retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) have been…

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Retinal detachment

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Retinal detachment

Clinical background Retinal detachment (RD) is a physical separation of the neural retina from the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). An important physiological ramification of the creation of a detachment is…

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Inhibition of angiogenesis

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Inhibition of angiogenesis

Clinical background Ocular angiogenesis can be physiological or pathological, with physiological ocular angiogenesis occurring primarily during embryonic development (reviewed by Gariano ). Ocular angiogenesis in adults is usually pathological and…

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Color vision defects

Aug 26, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Color vision defects

Clinical background Key symptoms and signs “Normal” color vision refers to the form of trichromatic color vision shared by most humans. It is mediated by three types of retinal cone…

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