4.4 Inverted Papillomas
10.1055/b-0038-162759 4.4 Inverted Papillomas Key Features An inverted papilloma is a soft tissue neoplasm often arising from the lateral nasal wall. It is benign but can be locally aggressive. Malignant…
4.3 Rhinitis
10.1055/b-0038-162758 4.3 Rhinitis 4.3.1 Nonallergic Rhinitis Key Features Many physicians fail to recognize nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), instead treating all rhinitis as allergic. Even when allergy has been ruled out, these…
4.2 Rhinosinusitis
10.1055/b-0038-162757 4.2 Rhinosinusitis 4.2.1 Acute Rhinosinusitis Key Features Rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory condition of the nose and sinuses. By definition of acute, signs and symptoms last less than one month….
4.1 Rhinologic Emergencies
10.1055/b-0038-162756 4.1 Rhinologic Emergencies 4.1.1 Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis Key Features A rapidly progressive sinonasal fungal infection can be fatal. Acute invasive fungal infections occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised or…
4.0 Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
10.1055/b-0038-162755 4.0 Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses The external nose consists of the nasal pyramid (frontal process of the maxilla), with the paired nasal bones forming…
3.10 Otologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
10.1055/b-0038-162754 3.10 Otologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases Key Features Many systemic diseases may affect the vestibulocochlear system. Otologic manifestations can be the presenting signs of systemic disease. A high index…
3.8 Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors
10.1055/b-0038-162752 3.8 Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors Key Features The most common tumors of the cerebellopontine angle are vestibular schwannomas, followed by meningiomas and epidermoids. Treatment options depend on the etiology but…
3.9 Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
10.1055/b-0038-162753 3.9 Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome Key Features Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) occurs when there is an absence of intact bone overlying the superior semicircular canal. Presentation can…
3.6 Vertigo
10.1055/b-0038-162750 3.6 Vertigo 3.6.1 Balance Assessment Key Features Electronystagmography (ENG) Rotational chair Dynamic post urography Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) Balance involves three components: (1) sensory input from the visual,…
3.7 Tinnitus
10.1055/b-0038-162751 3.7 Tinnitus Key Features Tinnitus is the perception of sound without an unrelated external source of sound. Retrocochlear pathology in unilateral tinnitus must be excluded. Vascular anomalies and neoplasms…
