Cochlear Implants
Overview Print Section Listen A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted device used for hearing rehabilitation of adults and children with advanced sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or poor speech…
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Vestibular and Balance Disorders
Essential Principles of Vestibular Physiology Print Section Listen Principle 1 Traditionally there have been five “senses,” namely vision, hearing, smell, touch, and taste. It is entirely reasonable to name balance…
Congenital Hearing Loss
Introduction Print Section Listen Deafness is the most common sensory defect (1 in 1000-2000 births; there are roughly 4 million births in the United States per year). Early identification allows…
Electrical Response Audiometry
Basic Concepts of Electrical Response Audiometry Print Section Listen Electrical response audiometry (ERA) is a description used for an assortment of procedures in which electrical potentials are recorded while being…
Granulomatous Diseases of the Head and Neck
Overview Print Section Listen What is a granuloma? A granuloma is created by a chronic immunologic process resulting clinically in localized nodular inflammation. Histology The inflammatory response is mediated by…
Head and Neck Manifestations of HIV
Overview Print Section Listen Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne and sexually transmitted infection that leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV belongs to the Lentivirus genus of the…
Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Antimicrobials Print Section Listen The reader is directed to Chapter 9: Antimicrobial Therapy for review of antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungal medicinal therapies. Chemotherapy Print Section Listen The reader is directed…
Antimicrobial Therapy in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
Bacteriology Basics Print Section Listen Main Bacterial Functions Bacterial DNA is made via folic acid production with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as an intermediate. Bacterial genome is unwound by DNA gyrase…
Nutrition, Fluid, and Electrolytes
Introduction Print Section Listen Malnutrition is a dietary deficiency that results from various environmental and medical conditions, such as mental health problems, social problems, GI disorders, and alcoholism among others….
