3.0 Embryology and Anatomy of the Ear
10.1055/b-0038-162744 3.0 Embryology and Anatomy of the Ear Embryology Auricle Week 6: Hillocks of His form from condensations of the first and second branchial arches. The first three hillocks are…
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
2.4 Common Postoperative Problems
10.1055/b-0038-162743 2.4 Common Postoperative Problems A deviation from expected recovery requires prompt and appropriate evaluation. Such deviations may present with a change in exam findings, a subjective complaint from the…
2.3 Fluids and Electrolytes
10.1055/b-0038-162742 2.3 Fluids and Electrolytes Key Features Appropriate fluid balance perioperatively can be estimated from established formulas. Attention to fluids and electrolytes is especially important in the patient who is…
2.1 Airway Assessment and Management
10.1055/b-0038-162740 2.1 Airway Assessment and Management All forms of surgery in the head and neck region require consideration of airway management, maintenance of ventilation with an adequate form of anesthesia,…
2.2 Anesthesia
10.1055/b-0038-162741 2.2 Anesthesia 2.2.1 Principles of Anesthesia Modes of Anesthesia General anesthesia: This mode is characterized by total loss of consciousness with blunted (or absent) protective upper airway reflexes and…
2.0 Preoperative Assessment
10.1055/b-0038-162739 2.0 Preoperative Assessment The aims of the Preoperative Assessment are risk stratification and identification of medical conditions and their severity ( Table 2.1 ). An additional goal is to…
1.8 Complementary and Alternative Otolaryngologic Medicine
10.1055/b-0038-162738 1.8 Complementary and Alternative Otolaryngologic Medicine Key Features Patients often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM); it is important to inquire about use. There is evidence that some CAM…
1.7 Lasers in Otolaryngology
10.1055/b-0038-162737 1.7 Lasers in Otolaryngology Key Features The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is the most commonly used laser in otolaryngology—head and neck surgery and facial plastic surgery. Complications of laser…
1.6 Geriatric Otolaryngology
10.1055/b-0038-162736 1.6 Geriatric Otolaryngology Key Features The elderly population is expanding rapidly worldwide. The elderly often present with multiple comorbidities. Disease presentation in the elderly may be atypical. For safe…
1.5 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
10.1055/b-0038-162735 1.5 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Key Features After toothache, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are the most common cause of facial pain. Most patients respond to conservative management. Surgical treatments can…
