Key points • Due to the close proximity of critical structures, initial evaluation should include assessment of visual complaints (eg, diplopia) and extraocular movements, unilateral middle ear effusion suggesting Eustachian…
Jean Anderson Eloy, MD, FACS, Editor Michael Setzen, MD, FACS, FAAP, Editor
Sujana S. Chandrasekhar, MD, Consulting Editor The anterior skull base represents a challenging space necessitating surgical collaboration between Otolaryngology, Neurosurgery, and Ophthalmology. The input of those specialties as well as…
Fig. 17.1 Travelling wave theory and our hypothesis [4] The cochlear implant is a hearing device that restores hearing in deafened patients, of which development is worthy for Lascar prize….
Fig. 1.1 Membranous labyrinth of vertebrates. Membranous labyrinths of a rat (a), a bird (b), and a fish (c) were shown. (Modified from “The Vertebrate body” by Romer et al….
Subjects: unilateral acute profound hearing loss; systemic steroid treatment application is ineffective within 1 month after deafness onset Single application (5 mg) of IGF-1 containing hydrogel on the RWM Observation period: 2 months…
Fig. 12.1 Graphical abstract of Chap. 12. (Modified from [68]) 12.1.1 Factors Regulating Cochlear Duct Extension Multiple extrinsic factors regulate proper outgrowth and extension of the cochlear duct. One clear…
Fig. 13.1 Subcellular planar polarity. (Modified from Deans [2]) Fig. 13.2 Planar cell polarity (PCP). (Modified from Deans [2]) Fig. 13.3 Tissue polarity. (Modified from Deans [2]) 13.4.1 Subcellular Planar…
Fig. 28.1 (a) During normal development, sensory neuroblasts delaminate from the otocyst epithelium and migrate through the periotic mesenchyme (POM). During this phase there is a period of proliferation called…
Fig. 25.1 Diverse causes of the clinically diagnosed “retrocochlear” type of hearing loss. The precise pathology of each case is often difficult to determine clinically. Note that “synaptopathy” refers to…
