CPAP, APAP, and BiPAP
1 Introduction Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is the standard modality for treating moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. It was first described by Colin Sullivan, an…
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Perioperative and Anesthesia Management
1 Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a growing health care concern with many potentially detrimental consequences and important anesthetic implications. A rise in obesity among the population of…
Clinical Polysomnography
1 Introduction The assessment of patients for snoring and sleep apnea includes a comprehensive sleep history, physical examination, and a diagnostic sleep study. The compilation of this information allows for…
Oral Appliances for OSA
1 Introduction Intraoral mandibular advancement devices (MADs) have become an acceptable and common treatment for the signs and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the United States. Oral appliances…
Perioperative Monitoring in Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome
1 Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common condition resulting from a decrease in upper airway size and patency during sleep. Apneas, hypopneas, and episodes of airflow limitation…
Rationale and Indications for Surgical Treatment
1 Background and Rationale for Surgical Therapy The rationale for and the objectives of surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are fundamentally analogous to those of medical management: to…
Analysis of CPAP Failures
1 Introduction Arguably, the goal of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is (1) elimination or improvement of symptoms, (2) normalization or improvement of sleep study parameters, and (3) cardiovascular…
Home Sleep Testing
1 Introduction Testing for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) outside of the sleep laboratory setting has become increasingly common in the United States. Since 2008, when the Centers for Medicare and…
Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Decision Making and Treatment Planning
1 Introduction Numerous treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presently exist. These treatments range from noninvasive behavioral modifications to nightly use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices to…
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE)
1 Introduction Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was introduced by Croft and Pringle in 1991 and over time has increased in popularity and is applied worldwide. The evaluation requires pharmacologic induction…
