Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy Matthew Ellison, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Nasolacrimal duct obstruction in adults is generally due to chronic fibrosis of the duct mucosa, likely from inflammation. Other causes include injury, neoplasm,…

Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy Christopher L. Weller, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Canalicular obstruction can result from a variety of mechanisms including trauma, infection, retained punctal plugs, systemic inflammatory diseases, and certain chemotherapeutic agents including…

External Dacryocystorhinostomy Meseret E. Kassa, MD, MMed, FEACO INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY Epiphora from primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Epiphora resulting from secondary acquired NLDO Midface trauma Sinus disease or…

Trauma to the Lacrimal System Pradeep Mettu, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Trauma to the lacrimal system can occur from a variety of mechanisms, including sharp and blunt trauma. In cases of…

Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Ryan E. Davis, MD* *The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official views or policy of the Department of Defense…

Flaps and Grafts E. Sabet Jason-Peyman, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Periocular defects resulting from surgical excision of carcinoma or traumatic injuries may need to be repaired using a variety of flap…

Evaluation of the Tearing Patient Chris Haggerty, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Epiphora is often a multifactorial problem. Tearing, as a symptom, results from an imbalance between tear production and tear clearance….

Upper Eyelid Reconstruction Carrie Lynn Morris, MD, FACS DISEASE DESCRIPTION There are several disease processes that necessitate upper eyelid reconstruction including trauma, chemical and thermal burns, infection, and cancer reconstruction….

Lower Eyelid Reconstruction Sulen L. Chi, MD, PhD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Lower lid position and function are important determinants of ocular surface health and lacrimal drainage. Conditions that affect these determinants…

Eyelid Lacerations Jason Liss, MD Paramjit K. Bhullar, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION Eyelid lacerations can result from facial trauma and can be broadly categorized as follows: (Figure 20.1) Partial versus full…