Condylar Fractures
The purpose of this article is to review the basic indications for different treatments of condylar and subcondylar fractures. It also reviews the steps of different surgical approaches to access…
Surgical Treatment of Traumatic Injuries of the Cranial Base
Skull-base fractures involve one or more of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, orbital plate of the frontal bone, sphenoid bone, occipital bone, and petrous or temporal bone. Although…
Intraoperative Use of CT Imaging
This article presents an overview of intraoperative computed tomography for maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. It reviews the current literature and offers guidelines and techniques for the use of intraoperative imaging. Key…
Contemporary Management of Traumatic Fractures of the Frontal Sinus
This article discusses the classic and contemporary management strategies for treating frontal sinus fractures. The goals of management of frontal sinus fractures are to create a safe sinus by minimizing…
Contemporary Management of Facial Trauma
Kofi Derek O. Boahene, MD, Editor Anthony E. Brissett, MD, FACS, Editor The principles for managing maxillofacial trauma are well established. However, the rapid evolution of technology has broadened the…
Special Groups
Head and neck cancer is a unique cause of dysphagia. Altered swallow function can be secondary to the mechanical effects of a tumor invading normal anatomy needed for deglutition, or…
Dysphagia in Stroke, Neurodegenerative Disease, and Advanced Dementia
Aspiration risk from dysphagia increases with central and peripheral neurologic disease. Stroke, microvascular ischemic disease, a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, and advancing dementia all have unique aspects. However, there are…
Management of Cricopharyngeus Muscle Dysfunction
The cricopharyngeus muscle (CPM) is a key component of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES). In dysphagia, cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction (CPD) refers to the muscle’s failure to appropriately and completely relax…
Glottal Insufficiency with Aspiration Risk in Dysphagia
Glottal closure is an important part of the mechanism that protects the airway during the normal swallow. Glottal insufficiency disrupts glottal closure and therefore puts patients at risk of aspiration….
Nonsurgical Treatment
This article provides an overview of nonsurgical and nonpharmacologic treatments for oropharyngeal dysphagia. The speech-language pathologist (SLP) is the primary member of the swallowing management team who will provide this…
