Blepharochalasis Key Points Blepharochalasis is a rare eyelid disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of painless eyelid edema, eventually leading to atrophy of periorbital tissues The pathophysiology remains largely unknown, but…
Apraxia of Eyelid Opening Key Points Apraxia is a neurologic movement disorder characterized by the inability to carry out learned, skilled motor acts Apraxia of eyelid opening is characterized by…
Ankyloblepharon Key Points In ankyloblepharon, the eyelid margins are entirely or partially fused by full-thickness bands or partial filiform synechiae Ankyloblepharon can be congenital and can be isolated or syndromic…
Facial Nerve Paralysis Key Points Facial nerve paralysis is a disfiguring facial weakness with various etiologies It is the most common cranial nerve palsy encountered in clinical practice The etiology…
Ablepharon Key Points Ablepharon is a term used to denote the absence or severe shortness of the eyelids It is usually associated with macrostomia and other congenital abnormalities Ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome…
Epiblepharon Key Points Epiblepharon is a developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of a redundant pretarsal skin fold that may extend over the lower eyelid margin Acquired epiblepharon can be…
Entropion, Involutional Key Points Involutional entropion is an in-turning of the eyelid margin against the corneal and conjunctival surfaces It results from horizontal lower eyelid laxity of the lateral canthal…
Entropion, Cicatricial Key Points Cicatricial entropion is an acquired eyelid malposition characterized by tarsoconjunctival scarring resulting in an inward rotation of the eyelid margin It may be accompanied by trichiasis,…
Ectropion, Involutional Key Points Involutional ectropion is the most common type of ectropion seen in clinical practice It is generally attributed to aging changes and tissue laxity in the eyelid…
Ectropion, Congenital Key Points Congenital ectropion is a complete eversion of the entire lower or upper eyelid margins or both and is usually present at birth It is theorized that…
