Common problems among all patients seen by the laryngologist are also common among professional voice users. These include laryngopharyngeal reflux, muscle tension dysphonia, fibrovascular vocal fold lesions (eg, nodules and…
Acute management of vocal emergencies can be a difficult and stressful element in otolaryngology. A thoughtful history coupled with appropriate diagnostic instrumentation is the cornerstone of evaluating a patient with…
The anatomy and physiology of voice include not only the larynx but also all body systems. The larynx consists of a skeleton, mucosa, intrinsic muscles, and extrinsic muscles. The vocal…
Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) evaluates the integrity of the neuromuscular system in the larynx by recording action potentials generated in the laryngeal muscles during voluntary and involuntary contraction. LEMG is particularly…
Comprehensive physical examination is essential when evaluating patients. Often it includes objective voice assessment and measures along with strobovideolaryngoscopy. In all cases physical examination involves a thorough examination of the…
A complete and thorough vocal history and physical examination is the cornerstone of the evaluation of any patient who has a vocal complaint. Continued scientific progress in the understanding of…
Numerous neurologic diseases affect voice production either through direct effects on the larynx or by affecting muscles involved with support or resonation of the voice. Voice changes can be the…
A careful and thoughtful history is extremely important in helping to elucidate the cause of a patient’s voice complaints. An understanding of the patient’s performance and rehearsal environment and demands…
The American Board of Otolaryngology is the organization responsible for certifying physicians who have met the Board’s professional standards of training and knowledge in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery. The American…
Continuing education is vital for otolaryngologists to maintain and build on their knowledge base and skill sets. This article discusses the history of continuing medical education (CME) and describes the…
