The importance of the middle third of the nose has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Reductive rhinoplasty techniques performed without regard for the structural integrity of this region can…
Calvarial bone grafting is an established method of craniofacial reconstruction in facial plastic surgery. Konig and Muller were the first to describe autogenous calvarial bone grafting in 1890, advocating a…
Over the past two decades, great improvements have been made in the design of facial implants. Facial implants are able to enhance facial contour and provide permanent volumetric replacement. Facial…
Starting a practice in cosmetic facial surgery is daunting. Every new facial plastic surgeon is eager to make his or her mark and to put into practice his or her…
Often unappreciated in rhinoplasty is the alar–columellar complex. Patients may present with a preexisting hanging or retracted columella or abnormal alar rim or columellar shape and configuration. In the patient…
The use of rib grafting in rhinoplasty has revolutionized the ability to treat complex nasal deformities. Its can be helpful for both primary nasal deformities (including posttraumatic, cocaine induced, and…
Older reduction tip rhinoplasty techniques are effective in altering tip contour and definition, yet they depend on aggressive cartilage resection, morselization, and sacrifice of tip supports to achieve these goals….
The “pinched nasal tip” is a deformity caused primarily by collapse of the lateral crura of the lower lateral cartilages. Such collapse may be congenital due to inherent hypoplasia, weakening,…
Few concepts in rhinoplasty engender as much discussion and conflict as the use of alloplasts in the nose. Clear divisions within the specialty have developed, with some surgeons using alloplastic…
Diseases affecting primarily the retinal arteries, capillaries, and veins or any combination of the three may be the underlying cause of central vision loss. Angiography provides information concerning alterations in…
