Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy With Mucosal Flaps
Diseases within the tear duct system can interfere with tear drainage and result in epiphora. Poor drainage with secretion retention may result in inflammation and infection. In the majority of…
Evaluation and Management of Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
In the evaluation of patients with acquired tearing, the first step is to assess whether epiphora (tearing caused by insufficient drainage) or lacrimation (hypersecretion of tears) is the cause of…
Endoscopic Dacrocystorhinostomy
Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy Nasolacrimal duct dysfunction, whether by lacrimal pump failure or nasolacrimal obstruction, prevents the flow of tears through the lacrimal system, resulting in epiphora. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a commonly…
Evaluation and Management of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is a blockage of the lacrimal drainage system and the most common cause of persistent tearing and ocular discharge in infants and young children. The…
Radiologic Evaluation of the Orbit: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of patients with suspected orbital disease. Radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used in clinical practice….
Optimizing Visualization and Localization During Endoscopic Orbital Surgery
Surgical Technique The endoscopic transnasal approach to the orbit usually starts with complete sphenoethmoidectomy and wide opening of the maxillary ostium to oversee the orbital floor. Then the papyraceus lamina…
Endoscopic Orbital Surgery: The Rhinologist’s Perspective
The specialties of otolaryngology and ophthalmology are separated by little more than the width of the lamina papyracea. This paper-thin bone that forms the boundary between the orbital and sinonasal…
Neuro-Ophthalmologic Evaluation and Testing
The impact of intraorbital, intracranial, and sinus lesions on visual function and eye movement can be difficult to quantify. Imaging yields information on lesion location and possible etiology. The role…
Rhinologic Evaluation in Orbital and Lacrimal Disease
Sinonasal Examination Examination and palpation of the external nose shows deformities and crepitation and confirms soft-tissue or firm masses. Transillumination of the frontal and maxillary sinuses is an unreliable maneuver….
Ophthalmologic Evaluation in Orbital and Lacrimal Disease
The orbit and lacrimal system is bounded by the paranasal sinuses, eyelids, temporal region, and intracranial fossa ( Figs. 7.1 and 7.2 ). The orbit contains all of the supporting…
