Intraorbital Pathology (Tumors) and Management Strategies
Orbital tumors encompass a heterogenous range of lesions, from congenital cystic masses to both benign and malignant neoplasms, and can originate from a variety of tissue types. In a large…
Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches to the Orbit and Skull Base in the Coronal Plane
Endoscopic endonasal approaches to the skull base are classified by their orientation in the sagittal and coronal planes. The anterior coronal plane corresponds with the anterior cranial fossa and extends…
Postoperative Care of the Endoscopic Orbital Decompression Patient
Postoperative treatment of patients undergoing endoscopic orbital decompression (EOD) shares many similarities with that of patients who have standard functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Important distinctions that must be accounted for…
Complications in Endoscopic Orbital Surgery
Orbital decompression has been performed for more than 100 years and is aimed at decompressing the orbital content by partially removing its bony boundaries. It has evolved from a transfrontal…
Endoscopic Optic Nerve Decompression: Intracanalicular Portion
Optic Nerve Decompression The Evolution of Optic Nerve Decompression Although endoscopic transnasal surgery has become a widely used method for optic nerve decompression, its emergence would not be conceivable without…
Endoscopic Orbital Decompression
Endoscopic orbital decompression was developed soon after the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery. The technique was first described by Kennedy et al. in 1990 and Michel et al. in 1991…
Surgical Indications and Outcomes of Orbital Decompression Surgery
Orbital decompression surgery is being increasingly used in the treatment of urgent and nonurgent complications related to Graves ophthalmopathy. An understanding of the specific indication for pursuing surgery is critical…
Thyroid Eye Disease
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder that affects the periocular soft tissues. TED is associated with Graves disease (GD) and is synonymous with Graves orbitopathy/ophthalmopathy and thyroid-related…
Outcomes of Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: Enhancing the Patency of the Rhinostomy
Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the definitive treatment for epiphora caused by nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). The procedure creates a functioning passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity…
Revision Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy and Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy
Pearls • Outcomes after revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (endoscopic DCR) are excellent and the preferred approach when possible. • Endoscopic DCR allows the surgeon to thoroughly evaluate the neo-ostium and address…
