Upper Eyelid Ptosis and Retraction
Figure 28.1 Upper eyelid anatomy. Cross-section of upper eyelid demonstrating relationship between levator palpebrae superioris, levator aponeurosis, and Müller muscle. The tarsus of the upper eyelid is 10 to 12 mm…
Clinical Evaluation and Disease Patterns
Figure 3.1 Right miotic pupil and ptosis in a 16 year old female with Horner syndrome dating from birth-related trauma. The slightly paler iris color confirms that onset was before 2…
Optic Nerve and Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Figure 18.1 Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. A meningothelial meningioma (right) with extension in subdural and subarachnoid spaces of the optic nerve (left). Epidemiology Meningiomas typically arise in adults in their…
Lacrimal Gland Tumors
Figure 17.1 Ultrastructural anatomy of a lacrimal lobule. The lacrimal gland receives its blood supply from the lacrimal artery, which arises from the ophthalmic artery lateral to the optic nerve and…
Blepharospasm and Other Facial Spastic Disorders
Figure 32.1 “Yawning man” or “De Gaper.” Pieter Brueghel the Elder, around 1560. (Courtesy of Musées Royaux des Beaux–Arts de Belgique, Bruxelles.) The first report of blepharospasm in the medical literature was…
Orbital Structural Disorders
Figure 27.1 A, Coronal CT scan showing a mucocele of the left ethmoid and maxillary sinus. B, Coronal CT scan of the same patient at a more anterior level. Note the…
Orbital Trauma
Figure 34.1 A, Orbital anatomy showing bones of the orbit. B, Medial wall of the orbit showing ethmoidal foramina. C, Orbit floor anatomy showing location of infraorbital nerve and inferior oblique…
Imaging Modalities
Figure 5.1 A frontal radiograph in the Caldwell projection (A) and a coned down image of the left orbit (B) demonstrate a small radiopaque metallic foreign body that projects over the…
Benign and Premalignant Tumors of the Eyelid
Figure 22.1 Squamous papilloma. A, Clinically, the lesion appears as a flesh-colored papule on the left upper eyelid margin of this patient. B, Histologic section demonstrates proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium…
