© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_3 3. IgG4-Related Orbital Inflammation Victor M. Elner1 and Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University…
Xanthogranulomatous diseases Langerhans cell histiocytoses Positive for Positive for CD68 CD1a Factor XIIIa S-100 Negative for Birbeck granules on electron microscopy CD1a Negative for S-100 CD68 Birbeck granules on electron…
I. Ocular symptoms—a positive response to at least one of the following questions: (a) Have you had daily, persistent, troublesome dry eyes for more than 3 months? (b) Do you…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_4 4. Orbital and Adnexal Sarcoidosis Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of…
Fig. 9.1 Pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease. Self-tolerance to the autoantigens TSHR and IGF-1R is lost for unclear reasons. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) internalize TSHR and IGF-1R and present them to…
Single system (SS) Multisystem (MS) Unifocal (bone, skin, lymph node) Low risk Multifocal (bone or lymph nodes) High-risk organ involvement (liver, spleen, lung, hematopoietic) Children with SS LCH represent about…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_2 2. Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan,…
Fig. 1.1 Orbit anatomy: (a) pear-shaped 3D model of the orbit; (b, c) axial cross-sectional images of the orbits and the main parameters of the interorbital topographic and anatomic relationships:…
Fig. 3.1 The “hydraulic” theory of the orbital floor fracture (citation from Della Rocca [52]). See explanation in the text: It is an interesting fact that, contrary to the established…
Fig. 2.1 The main views of the skull: (a, b) the anterior and posterior views. The auricular vertical plane runs parallel to the X-ray film holder, while the median sagittal…
