Ossiculoplasty
Diseases of the ossicular chain most often occur as an aftermath of infection and less commonly due to trauma or tumor. Conductive hearing loss may result from either discontinuity of…
Temporal Bone Fractures, Encephaloceles, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks
12.2 Temporal Bone Fractures Fig. 12.1 Fractures through the petrous pyramid may result from either posterior or lateral blows to the head. The skull base fractures more easily when struck from the…
Cochlear Implants
Cochlear implantation remains one of modern medicine’s greatest innovations, having restored hearing to hundreds of thousands of individuals around the world. Refinements of implant technology and associated surgical techniques have…
Vestibular Surgery
10.2 Endolymphatic Sac Surgery Fig. 10.1 In preparation for exposure of the endolymphatic sac, an intact canal wall mastoidectomy is performed. In contrast to many drawings which appear in otologic texts, the…
Temporal Bone Resection
13.2 Lateral Temporal Bone Resection Fig. 13.1 Temporal bone resection for malignancy encompasses three related procedures of progressively increasing depth: sleeve resection of the external auditory canal (solid line), lateral temporal bone…
Petrous Apex
The petrous apex is the medial portion of the petrous ridge situated between the inner ear and the clivus. In its base lies foramen lacerum traversed by the internal carotid…
Pulsatile Tinnitus
Pulsatile tinnitus may have many sources. Most commonly it occurs in conductive hearing loss, especially middle ear effusion, due to reduced external hearing and augmented vascular pulsations conducted through the…
of Phoniatrics
Fig. 1.1 Adolph Kussmaul The new medical field was at first denominated as voice and speech pathology (Stimm- und Sprachheilkunde). The closest approximation, however, to the present term ‘phoniatrics’ was…
and Differential Diagnosis of Voice Disorders
Voice complaints Timbre change Pitch Loudness Hoarseness Episodes of voice loss Onset and nature of problems Sudden/prolonged Acute/chronic Duration of symptoms Presence of fatigue voice Changes of voice quality during…
and Differential Diagnosis of Disorders of Hearing Development
Fig. 16.1 Family tree of an autosomal recessive hearing disorder 16.1.3 Clinical Examination During the examination neonates and smaller children will usually sit on the lap of the caregiver. Older…
