Stress-Related Psychological Disorders and Tinnitus
Fig. 3.1 The types of mental disorders found in tinnitus patients (Zirke et al. 2013a). Every other tinnitus patient was diagnosed with one or more mental conditions. Reprinted from Qual…
Outcome Measures Associated with Perceived Stress
Fig. 9.1 Correspondence between patient-reported symptoms of tinnitus and the diagnostic symptoms of anxiety and depression. Symptoms of tinnitus are based on a qualitative analysis of patient-reported complaints collated by…
Introduction
Medical conditions Otological, infectious Otitis media, labyrinthitis, mastoiditis Otological, neoplastic Vestibular schwannoma, meningioma Otological, labyrinthine Sensorineural hearing loss, Ménière’s disease, vestibular vertigo Otological, other Impacted cerumen, otosclerosis, presbycusis, noise exposure…
The Primate Peripheral Auditory System and the Evolution of Primate Hearing
Fig. 2.1 The primate ear. (Reprinted with permission from Fleagle 2013) Early comparative studies of mammalian/primate auditory anatomy were carried out in the nineteenth century (Hyrtl 1845; Doran 1879) and…
Primate Habitat Acoustics
Fig. 4.1 Savanna (left panel), riverine forest (middle panel), and rain forest (right panel) differ prominently in terms of vegetation, humidity, wind, and their impacts on sound propagation, attenuation, and…
Evolution of Hearing and Language in Fossil Hominins
Fig. 8.1 The human evolutionary tree, indicating the temporal span of existence for different fossil hominin taxa. Each genus is represented by a different color. Species in genera other than…
The Primate Roots of Human Language
Fig. 7.1 An example of two merge: A lexical item (“the”) is merged with a set previously formed by merge (black circle: sudden macromutation). Abbreviations: N, noun; Adj, adjective; Det,…
Evolutionary Origins of Primate Vocal Communication: Diversity, Flexibility, and Complexity of Vocalizations in Basal Primates
Fig. 5.1 Diversity of morphotypes in basal primates. Displayed are representatives of the Strepsirrhini: (A) the nocturnal Aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis, Daubentoniidae); (B) the diurnal Coquerel’s sifaka (Propithecus coquereli, Indriidae); (C)…
Primate Audition: Reception, Perception, and Ecology
Fig. 3.1 Neuroanatomy of the auditory system in primates. (a) Ascending auditory pathway from the cochlea to the auditory cortices. Fibers in blue originate from neurons in the ventral cochlear…
Vocal Communication in Family-Living and Pair-Bonded Primates
Fig. 6.1 Chirp variants in cotton-top tamarins: type A used in mobbing; type B used in investigation of novel objects; type C used during foraging, and type D used during…
