The Natural History of Jugular Paraganglioma
Fig. 5.1 Serial axial and coronal gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted MRI sequences of a right-sided JP demonstrating stable tumor size over the course of 10 years of observation The primary outcomes of…
Perioperative Considerations in the Management of Jugular Paragangliomas
Fig. 6.1 Flow chart detailing the preoperative process in jugular paraganglioma management Jugular paragangliomas are highly vascular tumors, and therefore the potential for high-volume intraoperative blood loss during tumor resection…
Imaging of the Pediatric Orbit
Lesions containing lipid Dermoid/epidermoid cysts, lipomas, liposarcomas Lesions containing mucusa Dermoid/epidermoid cysts, mucoceles Subacute blood Hematic cysts, subperiosteal hematomas, blood cysts within lymphangiomas Lesions containing melanin Melanoma aHyperintensity increases as…
Benign Pediatric Orbital Tumors
Iliff and Green [290] n = 174 Crawford [291] n = 572 Shields et al. [292] n = 250 Rootman [293] n = 241 Kodsi [294] n = 340 Katowitz [295] n = 243 Cystic lesions Dermoid 52 6 115 27…
Pediatric Ptosis
Fig. 22.1 Eyelid anatomy in cross section. (a) Non-Asian eyelid with the orbital septum (blue) inserting on the levator aponeurosis (green). Müller’s muscle (red) originates from the levator muscle but…
Developmental Eyelid Abnormalities
Fig. 21.1 Schematic representation of eyelid formation in the 7th week of gestation Fig. 21.2 Representation of the five main facial processes The development of the eyelid occurs in 5…
Surgical Approaches to the Pediatric Orbit
Fig. 37.1 Surgical orbital spaces After a lesion is identified, characterized, and localized, a careful definition of the surgical goals must be considered. In general, interventions are either diagnostic or…
Oculoplastic Considerations in Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery
Fig. 40.1 Preparation for transcranial orbital osteotomy . (a) The coronal incision to the upper face involves a stair-step incision preceded by blocking suture placement to minimize blood loss. The…
Benign Pediatric Eyelid Tumors
Fig. 23.1 Infantile hemangioma . (a) Superficial infantile hemangioma with the bright red appearance typical of epithelial involvement by the hemangioma. (b) Intermediate infantile hemangioma with the purplish-blue discoloration typical…
Embryology and Anatomy of the Developing Face
Fig. 2.1 Neural crest cell migration as the neural fold develops into the neural tube. (a) Primitive groove formation. (b) Neural crest cells arise at the margin of the neural…
