Distribution of Lymphatics
(1) Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China 1 Superficial Lymphatics of the Head and Neck Lymphatic vessels arose in the dermis, the galea aponeurotica and the…
Lymphatic Anatomy and Clinical Implications
(1) Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China Anatomical uncertainties of the human lymphatic system are often discordant with clinical experience, especially in the head and neck…
Materials and Methods
(1) Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China Lymphatic vessels are difficult to be found in the embalmed cadavers during anatomical dissection as they have a transparent…
Components of the Lymphatic System
(1) Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China The lymphatic system consists of the lymphatic vessels (capillary plexus, precollecting and collecting lymph vessels including lymphatic ampullae and…
Managing Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Eyelids and Orbit
Hospital gangrene Fournier’s gangrene Streptococcal gangrene Necrotizing erysipelas Necrotizing cellulitis Flesh-eating bacterial infection Suppurative fasciitis Progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene Demographics Periocular necrotizing fasciitis is extremely rare: a review by Amrith…
Infections of the Lacrimal Drainage System
Unilateral conjunctivitis Epiphora Punctal discharge/regurgitation Pouting punctum Punctal/canalicular swelling Eyelid erythema/edema Irritation Mattering Pain/discomfort Evaluation Evaluation should begin with a thorough history with emphasis on previous punctal plug placement and…
Imaging of Infected Orbits and Sinuses
Fig. 4.1 Young adult with left eyelid swelling . Axial (a) and coronal (b) noncontrast CT scan demonstrating soft tissue of the left preseptal region and left medial canthus Orbital…
Fungal Disease of the Orbit
Fig. 12.1 Hematoxylin- and eosin-stained sinus mucosal tissue at 40x magnification taken from a patient with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) demonstrating multiple irregularly sized nonseptate hyphae branching at 90° and wider…
Overview and Current Recommendations for the Treatment of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Fig. 15.1 Types of endophthalmitis categorized by route of infection Routes of Infection Exogenous Endophthalmitis Postoperative Postoperative endophthalmitis can be classified into two broad categories: acute-onset (<6 weeks after surgery)…
Orbital Cellulitis in Cancer Patients
Fig. 13.1 Orbital cellulitis in a cancer patient after a sinus surgery. A 69-year-old woman presented to our service with swelling, decreased visual acuity, and pain in the right eye….
