Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Ryan E. Davis, MD DISEASE DESCRIPTION/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is a relatively common problem, occurring in up to 20% of infants in the first…
Retinal Detachments and Vitrectomy Xinxin Zhang, MD Lejla Vajzovic, MD HISTORY Onset—often delayed presentation as patient or caregivers may not recognize or report vision loss.1 Birth history—retinopathy of prematurity, TORCH…
Retinoblastoma Miguel A. Materin, MD BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular primary malignancy in children with an estimated incidence of 1/15 000 live births. If untreated, it is a…
Nonaccidental Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) Martha A. Howard, MD The diagnosis of nonaccidental trauma cannot be made upon isolated physical examination findings. It requires the careful synthesis of information from…
Retinopathy of Prematurity Xi Chen, MD, PhD Lejla Vajzovic, MD Cynthia A. Toth, MD Preterm infants are at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a disease caused by delayed or…
Pediatric Trauma: Postoperative Management Irene T. Tung, MD TIMING OF SUTURE REMOVAL 10-0 nylon corneal sutures can be removed as soon as 4-6 weeks after surgery, but may need to…
Pediatric Traumatic Cataract Dinah Chen, MD Fatema Ghasia, MD PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Examination Have a high suspicion for nonaccidental trauma. Look for other associated ocular or periocular injuries, and ensure the…
Traumatic Hyphema Evan Silverstein, MD Traumatic hyphemas in children require both close immediate follow-up and longterm monitoring for secondary glaucoma.1 ETIOLOGY Obtain a good history of etiology. If not known,…
Pediatric Open Globe Repair Marina Roizenblatt, MD Kim Jiramongkolchai, MD PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Open Globe Injury Classification1,2 Type: Rupture: full-thickness wound of the eye, usually caused by a blunt object. Penetrating:…
Lid and Canalicular Laceration Repairs R. Kevin Winkle, MD PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Perform a complete exam to rule out open globe. Repair globe if necessary, before repairing eyelid lacerations. Assess tetanus…
