OCT and OCTA Interpretation OCT SALIENT FEATURES Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina and is the diagnostic imaging test of choice to assess many…
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Overview OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY BASIC PRINCIPLES Based on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Noninvasive method allowing for visualization of functional blood vessels in the eye producing…
Optical Coherence Tomography Overview SALIENT FEATURES Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows the visualization of retina and choroid through a noninvasive procedure and plays a pivotal role in modern ophthalmic multimodal…
Complex Strabismus Pearls Laura B. Enyedi, MD GENERAL PEARLS FOR COMPLEX STRABISMUS If you do not know which surgery to perform, select the one that is easier and/or has fewer…
Adult Strabismus Surgery: Special Considerations Matthew D. Gearinger, MD PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Adult strabismus patients are more likely to have had prior ocular surgery and experience diplopia than pediatric patients. In…
Imaging in Strabismus Mays A. El-Dairi, MD DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS Strabismus is a common presentation for intracranial pathology. Before deciding on surgery in strabismus, it is important to rule out an…
Sensorimotor Considerations for Strabismus Surgery Namita Kashyap, CO PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE SENSORIMOTOR MANAGEMENT Ocular misalignment, diplopia, and/or visual confusion can occur for many reasons pre- and postoperatively and need to…
Strabismus Surgery Complications Jill C. Rotruck, MD INTRODUCTION All surgeries carry risks and may have unexpected outcomes. Fortunately, severe complications in strabismus surgery are rare. It is important to understand…
Pharmacologic Management of Strabismus Jeffrey S. Hunter, MD Pharmacologic treatments may offer nonsurgical alternatives to surgery for pediatric and adult strabismus/motility disorders.1 MIOTICS / PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS (ECHOTHIOPHATE IODIDE [0.125%]) These drugs…
Nystagmus Surgery Eniolami O. Dosunmu, MD PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Indications for surgical intervention: Correct an abnormal head posture (AHP)—a consistent anomalous head turn, tilt, and/or chin position. The goal is to…
