Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Orbit
Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Orbit Nicholas Ramey, MD The globe, eyelids, and lacrimal drainage structures are discussed elsewhere. Bones — the orbit is composed of the frontal, sphenoid,…
Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Lacrimal System
Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Lacrimal System Sanja G. Cypen, MD AFFERENT LACRIMAL SYSTEM The afferent lacrimal system is responsible for tear production. Tears are produced constantly at a…
Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelids
Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelids Alexander J. Altman, MD Jason Liss, MD SURFACE ANATOMY Normal adult eyelids, when open, should form an elliptical fissure that is 8 to…
Fundamental Surgical Technique
Fundamental Surgical Technique Jane S. Kim, MD INTRODUCTION The goal of any oculoplastic procedure is to correct the underlying physical abnormality while achieving excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes. This requires…
