Larynx Box
Figs. 8.1 and 8.2 Axial and frontal view of technical draw of the initial prototype of the larynx box Figs. 8.3 and 8.4 Technical draws of the outer footplate of…
Step-by-Step Tracheal Resection with End-to-End Anastomosis
Fig. 6.1 Identification of main landmarks of laryngeal framework Step 3 Superficial Layer Dissection Elevation of the cutaneous and subplatysmal flaps and identification of the strap muscles. The strap muscles…
Tracheotomy
Fig. 3.1 Set of surgical instruments Step 1 Skin Landmark Identification Recognizing the main landmarks on the skin (Fig. 3.2) is probably the most simple and fundamental step in all…
Refractive Surgery in Aviators
Fig. 3.1 The F-35 Gen III Helmet Mounted Display System integrates head-up display (HUD), helmet-mounted display, and night vision features to provide in-flight and tactical information with virtual capabilities to…
Lessons from Animals in Extreme Environments
Fig. 6.1 Photograph of a four-eyed fish (Anableps anableps). Inset demonstrates aerial and submerged cornea (Adapted from source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anableps_anableps_qtl1.jpg. Original author: Quartl. Used as licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share…
Night Vision and Military Operations
Fig. 4.1 Photopic, mesopic and scotopic visions . Photopic vision operates under high ambient light conditions (e.g. clear sunny day); mesopic vision functions under intermediate light conditions (e.g. moonlight) and…
Neuro-ophthalmolmic Sequelae of Sustained Microgravity
Fig. 1.1 Preflight and postflight optic nerve photos exhibiting optic nerve head edema in an astronaut following long-duration spaceflight (Reprinted with permission from Mader et al. [18]) Fig. 1.2 Postflight…
Deep-Sea Environments and the Eye
Fig. 5.1 Normal atmospheric and intraocular pressures at sea level. Note that the transcorneal pressure difference is 15 Diving into a deep-sea environment will cause an increase in the ambient…
The Effects of Extreme Altitude on the Eye and Vision
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Prem S. Subramanian (ed.)Ophthalmology in Extreme EnvironmentsEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-319-57600-8_2 2. The Effects of Extreme Altitude on the Eye and Vision Thomas H. Mader1 , David J. HarrisJr.2, 3 and C. Robert Gibson4 (1) COL(R), US Army,…
Industrial and Military Eye Injuries and Eye Protection Challenges
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Prem S. Subramanian (ed.)Ophthalmology in Extreme EnvironmentsEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-319-57600-8_7 7. Industrial and Military Eye Injuries and Eye Protection Challenges Arjuna M. Subramanian1 and Prem S. Subramanian2 (1) Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado…
