Polysomnography (PSG) is a useful tool for the diagnosis of sleep disorders in children. This multichannel study obtains information about sleep architecture, respiratory effort, movements during sleep, respiratory events, and…
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results from complex interactions between anatomy and physiology. A structurally small and abnormally collapsible upper airway predisposes to disease, and interacts with normal and pathologic physiologic…
There have been many advances in microsurgery for voice professionals over the last three decades. Driven by a greater understanding of the anatomy and physiology of phonation, most of the…
Behavioral evaluation and treatment of dysphonia in the professional voice user are the responsibility of the speech-language pathologist. As a clinician, treating the professional voice user requires expert listening and…
Diagnosis and treatment of the immobile or hypomobile vocal fold are challenging for the otolaryngologist. True paralysis and paresis result from vocal fold denervation secondary to injury to the laryngeal…
Vocal fold masses are often complex in nature and can have a devastating result on the professional voice. These lesions are usually multifactorial with synergistic contributions over time from voice…
Professional singers often present a difficult diagnostic dilemma concerning their medication use. Most drugs are never formally evaluated for effects on the voice and finding details of rare side effects…
Common problems among all patients seen by the laryngologist are also common among professional voice users. These include laryngopharyngeal reflux, muscle tension dysphonia, fibrovascular vocal fold lesions (eg, nodules and…
Acute management of vocal emergencies can be a difficult and stressful element in otolaryngology. A thoughtful history coupled with appropriate diagnostic instrumentation is the cornerstone of evaluating a patient with…
The anatomy and physiology of voice include not only the larynx but also all body systems. The larynx consists of a skeleton, mucosa, intrinsic muscles, and extrinsic muscles. The vocal…
