Ento Key

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Well defined, white bowl-shaped excavation inferiorly displaced in an enlarged optic disc • Excavation location reflects position of the embryonic fissure relative to the primitive epithelial papilla…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • A diverse group of neurodegenerative eye diseases that result in a typical excavated appearance of the optic nerve (ON) • Associated with midperipheral and central visual field…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Optic neuritis (ON) is the inflammation of the optic nerve. • Vision loss is rapid and may be progressive in the first 2–15 days. • It typically…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Most common infiltrative lesion of the optic nerve (ON). EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • 1% of all intracranial tumors • 3% of orbital tumors • 4% of all gliomas…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) refers to anterior and posterior segment signs and symptoms related to chronic ocular hypoperfusion. • Most common cause is severe carotid occlusive disease….

L. Jay Katz BASICS DESCRIPTION • Nanophthalmos (simple microphthalmos) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by a small eye with short axial length (14.5–20 mm), shallow anterior chamber, high hypermetropia…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • A posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is the physical separation of the cortical vitreous from the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina. • With improved imaging modalities…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Various ophthalmic conditions are associated with or exacerbated by pregnancy. – Refractive changes: transient loss of accommodation; increased corneal thickness, edema, and curvature; decreased corneal sensitivity –…

Jurij R. Bilyk BASICS DESCRIPTION • Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome (IOIS) is a nonspecific inflammation of orbital tissue with no identifiable local or systemic cause. • IOIS is a diagnosis…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Acquired nystagmus is a repetitive, rhythmic, involuntary oscillation of the eyes, and can be constant, cyclical, or intermittent. • All nystagmus occurs of a result of the…