Ento Key

Key concepts • The masquerade syndromes comprise a group of disorders that occur with intraocular inflammation and are often misdiagnosed as a chronic idiopathic uveitis. • Because many of the…

Key concepts • Retinal vascular changes can be seen in many ocular inflammatory entities, some associated with systemic disease and others not. • Fluorescein angiography is very important to evaluate…

Key concepts • This is a multisystem disease, with the posterior ocular complications potentially being devastating. • The posterior pole disease should not be treated with corticosteroid alone. • Newer…

Key concepts • These entities comprise disorders that are usually transient compared to those that cause long-term visual handicap. • Nuances of these disorders, such as ‘ampiginous’, can take on…

Key concepts • Evidence is rapidly accruing to support the notion that these entities, particularly AMD, have a significant immune component. • Immunosuppressive therapy has been shown in a few…

Key concepts • Although the typical serpiginoid lesion, when present, is distinctive, one needs to be aware that other conditions can simulate the clinical appearance, including tuberculosis. • Reactivation is…

Key concepts • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease that can affect almost every organ in the body in people of all racial and ethnic groups. • The cause of…

Key concepts • Diagnostic criteria for both the complete and incomplete forms of the disease are becoming better defined. • Personality changes because of the CNS involvement may be seen…

Key concepts • Onchocerciasis or river blindness is a disease that affects 17.7 million people worldwide, with some 123 million people living in its endemic regions; ivermectin is usually the…

Key concepts • HLA-A29 is very strongly associated with this entity. • Long term the disorder can lead to severe visual handicap. • Long-term therapy is often needed to control…