Ento Key

37 Nasal FracturesLuv R. Javia Nasal fractures may occur at any age, but are uncommon in early childhood. They account for the second largest group of facial fractures because of…

15 Nasopharyngeal AngiofibromaKen Kazahaya Nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, or juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs), are the most common benign neoplasms of the nasopharynx. They comprise approximately 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasms….

34 BronchoscopyLisa M. Elden Introduction Bronchoscopy is the visual examination of the tracheobronchial tree. Both flexible and rigid instruments are available for this procedure. Rigid bronchoscopy permits instrumentation of the…

33 Suspension MicrolaryngoscopyLisa M. Elden In the event of laryngeal pathology that requires microscopic manipulation and removal (laryngeal papilloma, vocal cord nodules, vocal cord web, etc.), it is necessary to…

41 Midface FracturesLuv R. Javia Midface fractures are rare in children for a variety of reasons. In children, the midface occupies a relatively small portion of the head and is…

38 Zygomatic Arch FracturesLuv R. Javia Zygomatic arch fractures occur from direct trauma to the side of the face. The arch is most often fractured in two or three places;…

24 Endoscopic SphenoidotomyLawrence W.C. Tom The sphenoid sinus is opened in less than 10% of children with sinus disease. The sphenoidotomy can be performed with an ethmoidectomy or alone in…

1 Otitis Media with EffusionMark D. Rizzi Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common chronic conditions of childhood. The primary complications of OME are (1) conductive…

11 Nasal Foreign BodiesLisa M. Elden Children frequently put foreign bodies into their noses. Paper, vegetables (beans), and stones are common examples. A nasal foreign body is suspected in a…

5 Ear TraumaMark D. Rizzi External ear trauma occurs frequently in children because of the ear’s prominent and unprotected position as well as the reflex tendency of head turning to…