Ento Key

17 Velopharyngeal InsufficiencyJ. Paul Willging Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) refers to the abnormal sound resulting from the inability to separate the nasopharynx from the oropharynx during speech. It may be caused…

20 TongueSally R. Shott The tongue is an active participant in feeding. Restrictions of tongue mobility may interfere with nutrition, growth, and development in the neonate. 20-1 Frenulectomy/Frenulotomy Introduction Ankyloglossia…

12 Nasal DeformityKen Kazahaya Children frequently sustain nasal trauma from falls or sports. Nasal trauma may cause a deviated septum or displaced nasal bones. 12-1 Conservative Septoplasty Introduction Septoplasty should…

21 Tumors of the Oral Cavity and JawSally R. Shott Tumors of the jaw may impinge on the oral cavity and alter oral function as well as affect facial appearance….

31 LaryngoscopySteven E. Sobol Laryngoscopy is a key skill that should be mastered by all otolaryngologists. As a diagnostic tool, laryngoscopy can be performed in the office with use of…

18 AdenoidsSally R. Shott Adenoid tissue may enlarge (hyperplasia) and/or become infected during bouts of pharyngitis. Adenoids can be removed with curettes, suction cautery, coblation, or a microdebrider. 18-1 Adenoidectomy…

42 Mandibular FracturesLuv R. Javia Mandibular fractures are uncommon in children, and the incidence increases with age. They usually occur as a result of severe trauma and are often associated…

39 Malar FracturesLuv R. Javia Malar fractures usually occur as a result of direct trauma to the malar eminence (cheekbone). The malar bone fractures at its frontal, temporal, and maxillary…

40 Orbital FractureLuv R. Javia Direct trauma to the eye may transmit force to the floor of the orbit causing multiple fractures in the floor while the orbital rim remains…

13 Nasal TumorsKen Kazahaya Nasal tumors span the full range of intranasal pathology, but the vast majority of intranasal tumors in children are benign. 13-1 Lateral Rhinotomy Introduction This is…