Ento Key

Hemorrhagic emergencies in otolaryngology can present significant challenges to the early practitioner. The development of procedural skills, clinical decision making, effective communication strategies, and leadership remain critical to ensuring positive…

Carotid artery injury during endonasal surgery is a feared and potentially catastrophic complication. Simulation training provides the opportunity for a realistic experience with management of major vascular injuries. The sheep…

Endovascular techniques can be utilized in many common otolaryngologic conditions. Advancements in in these techniques including but not limited to better distal access catheters, new embolization materials and stents allows…

Major blood vessels are in proximity to other vital structures in the neck and base of skull. Infections and tumors of the head and neck can invade vascular structures. Vascular…

The most common vascular tumors encountered by the otolaryngologist are rare chromaffin cell tumors termed paragangliomas. Within the head and neck region, they commonly arise from the carotid body, vagus…

A major vascular injury is the most feared complication of endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery. Risk factors for vascular injury are discussed, and an algorithm for management of a…

The greatest challenge in the surgical treatment of angiofibromas is dealing with the hypervascularity of these tumors. Staging systems that take into account the vascularity of the tumor may be…

Hemostasis is a critical component of otologic and neurotologic surgery. In these surgeries the surgical field is small; thus, even a small amount of bleeding can obstruct the view of…

This article highlights the major vascular supply of the orbit and structures supplied by these vessels. Key anatomic principles are then reviewed as they pertain to endoscopic orbital surgery in…