Fig. 6.1 Practical classification of orbital inflammatory diseases Autoimmune vasculitides comprise a major proportion of autoimmune specific orbital inflammatory disorders. This diverse group of orbital and systemic disorders is characterized…
Fig. 1.1 Preseptal cellulitis in young adult secondary to hordeolum externum (a) and acute dacryocystitis (b) The common organisms causing preseptal cellulitis in children include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus species and…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_3 3. IgG4-Related Orbital Inflammation Victor M. Elner1 and Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University…
Xanthogranulomatous diseases Langerhans cell histiocytoses Positive for Positive for CD68 CD1a Factor XIIIa S-100 Negative for Birbeck granules on electron microscopy CD1a Negative for S-100 CD68 Birbeck granules on electron…
I. Ocular symptoms—a positive response to at least one of the following questions: (a) Have you had daily, persistent, troublesome dry eyes for more than 3 months? (b) Do you…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_4 4. Orbital and Adnexal Sarcoidosis Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of…
Fig. 9.1 Pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease. Self-tolerance to the autoantigens TSHR and IGF-1R is lost for unclear reasons. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) internalize TSHR and IGF-1R and present them to…
Single system (SS) Multisystem (MS) Unifocal (bone, skin, lymph node) Low risk Multifocal (bone or lymph nodes) High-risk organ involvement (liver, spleen, lung, hematopoietic) Children with SS LCH represent about…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Hakan Demirci (ed.)Orbital Inflammatory Diseases and Their Differential DiagnosisEssentials in Ophthalmology10.1007/978-3-662-46528-8_2 2. Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation Hakan Demirci1 (1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan,…
