31 Injection Technique

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 31 Injection Technique

Alan Scott, Seyhan B. Oezkan, and Talita Namgalies Summary In adults using topical anesthesia, both botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) and bupivacaine (BUP) are readily injected using electromyography (EMG). Medial…

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30 Pulley Surgeries

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 30 Pulley Surgeries

Irene Ludwig and Yair Morad Summary Procedures developed in recent years using knowledge of the orbital pulleys, as well as directly correcting pulley abnormalities, include pulley posterior fixation and equatorial…

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26 Superior Oblique Surgical Techniques

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 26 Superior Oblique Surgical Techniques

Irene Ludwig, Monte Stavis, and Donny Suh Summary The superior oblique tendon is approached at its insertion in the superotemporal quadrant, or at its ropelike tendon superonasally, adjacent to the…

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25 The Inferior Oblique: Surgical Techniques

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 25 The Inferior Oblique: Surgical Techniques

David Stager Jr. and David Stager Sr. Summary Inferior oblique weakening procedures presented in this chapter include chemodenervation, disinsertion, various myotomies, recessions, myectomy, nasal myectomy, anterior transposition, anterior nasal transposition,…

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24 Plications and Tucks

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 24 Plications and Tucks

Monte A. Del Monte Summary The surgical treatment of strabismus usually involves three types of procedures, which can be performed on rectus muscles or oblique muscles. Classical procedures involve variations…

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22 Strabismus Surgical Instrumentation

Feb 21, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on 22 Strabismus Surgical Instrumentation

John E. Bishop Summary This chapter describes the basic and specialty instruments used in strabismus surgery. Included are discussions of specula, forceps, hooks, retractors, calipers, and needle holders. strabismus –…

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