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Case Studies 8 INNER RETINAL PATHOLOGY Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy CASE 1 History 57-year-old black male presents for a diabetic eye exam. Type 2 diabetes mellitus x 10 years. Blood sugar…

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Technology 2 EN FACE ANGIOGRAMS Inner Retina Figure 2-1. (A) Superficial capillary plexus. Slab: Internal limiting membrane (ILM) to inner plexiform layer (IPL) -10 μm. (B)…

Terminology 4 EN FACE PROJECTION Two-dimensional views of segmented tissue layers (Figure 4-1). Figure 4-1. En face projection. SEGMENTATION Separation of volumetric flow information into anatomic layers (Figure 4-2). Figure…

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Overview 1 Optical coherence tomography angiography uses motion contrast to detect flow from the optical coherence tomography (OCT) data; thus, flow is defined as the difference…

Interpretation of Outer Retinal Disorders 6 NORMAL ANGIOGRAM/SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY B-SCAN In order to identify abnormalities, it is always important to remember what normal looks like (Figure 6-1). Figure…

Interpretation of Inner Retinal Disorders 5 NORMAL ANGIOGRAM/SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY B-SCAN In order to identify abnormalities, it is always important to remember what normal looks like (Figure 5-1). Figure…

Interpretation of Optic Nerve Head Disorders 7 NORMAL ANGIOGRAM/SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY B-SCAN In order to identify abnormalities, it is always important to remember what normal looks like (Figure 7-1)….