Fig. 6.1 Laryngeal cartilaginous framework Two additional structures provide structural support to the larynx: the quadrangular membrane and conus elasticus. The quadrangular membrane is an elastic structure that extends anteriorly…
Fig. 39.1 Glottic granulation tissue Because the flaps move with inspiration and expiration, they may cause inspiratory obstruction. Removal of the flaps may be beneficial, at least from one side,…
Fig. 26.1 Flexible fiberoptic in office evaluation: severe laryngomalacia with an omega-shaped epiglottis, foreshortened aryepiglottic folds, and redundant arytenoid tissue. The glottis is not visualized during inspiration (a) or expiration…
Fig. 2.1 Examples of pediatric laryngoscopes, including the Lindholm (left), Parsons (middle), and Philips (right) Suspension Arms Once the larynx is exposed, patient can be placed into suspension for further…
Munchausen’s stridor Paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM) Functional airway obstruction Factitious asthma Laryngeal spasm mimicking bronchial asthma Paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction presenting as asthma Stridor caused by vocal cord malfunction…
Carnegie stage Gestational week Gestational day (s) Fetal diameter (mm) 9 3 19–21 1.5–2.5 10 4 22–23 2–3.5 11 4 23–26 2.5–4.5 12 4 26–30 3–5 13 5 28–32 4–6…
Fig. 19.1 (a–c) Pharyngeal high-resolution manometry spatiotemporal output and pressure line plot. (Courtesy of Taher Omari, PhD; Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia) Pressure measurement can also be combined with impedance…
