20 Venous Considerations in Skull Base Surgery
Chandranath Sen and Carolina Benjamin Summary Given the varied configurations of the venous system in both the normal and pathologic states, it is crucial to take venous anatomy into…
22 Simulation and Training—Preparing for Vascular Injury
Rowan Valentine and Peter-John Wormald Summary Vascular injury is perhaps the most challenging complication of skull base surgery to manage. Given that most skull base pathologies are centered around…
18 Extracranial Anterior Cranial Base Surgery for Vascular Tumors
Carl H. Snyderman Summary Vascular tumors of the head and neck include both benign and malignant neoplasms. In the head and neck region, paragangliomas are the most common vascular…
19 Extracranial Lateral Cranial Base Vascular Tumor Surgery
Sampath Chandra Prasad Rao and Ananth Chintapalli Summary The chapter deals with the pathophysology, anatomy, diagnostic workup, and intraoperative management of the extracranial vascular lesions of the lateral skull…
21 Neurophysiologic Monitoring and Its Role During Cerebrovascular Injury
Carla J.A. Ferreira, Katherine Anetakis, Donald J. Crammond, Jeffrey R. Balzer, and Parthasarathy D. Thirumala Summary Vascular injury is one of the most feared complications in skull base surgery…
15 Perforator Injury During Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
João Mangussi-Gomes, Matheus F. de Oliveira, Eduardo A. S. Vellutini, and Aldo C. Stamm Summary Perforators are especially prone to injury during endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) due to their…
17 Endovascular Options to Treat Iatrogenic Vascular Injury and Tumor Involvement of the Skull Base
Jacob F. Baranoski, Colin J. Przybylowski, Bradley A. Gross, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Andrew F. Ducruet Summary Internal carotid artery tumor encasement, concomitant aneurysms, and iatrogenic injury pose formidable…
16 Perforator Injury During Open Skull Base Surgery
Nicholas T. Gamboa and William T. Couldwell Summary The basal perforators comprise small direct arterial branches of the main cerebral vessels and supply the paramedian regions of the brainstem,…
14 Posterior Fossa During Open Skull Base Surgery
David L. Penn, Marte Van Keulen, and Nicholas C. Bambakidis Summary In any skull base operation where the operative corridor can be small, deep, and poorly lit, any major…
13 Dealing with Vascular Injury During Middle Fossa Surgery
Rami O. Almefty, Michael Mooney, and Ossama Al-Mefty Summary Vascular injury is one of the most feared complications of skull base surgery with potentially devastating ischemic or hemorrhagic consequences….
