Orbital Neoplasms
Orbital Neoplasms CONGENITAL ORBITAL TUMORS DERMOID CYSTS Dermoid cysts are relatively common, benign, orbital tumors in children. Classically, they are present at birth, are located superior temporally at the orbital…
Eyelid Malpositions
Eyelid Malpositions ENTROPION ACUTE SPASTIC ENTROPION Acute spastic entropion is the result of eyelid swelling along with orbicularis spasm that results in a temporary in-turning of the eyelid. A cycle…
Orbital Trauma
Orbital Trauma ORBITAL FRACTURES ORBITAL FLOOR FRACTURE Orbital floor fractures are the most common type of orbital fracture. This is the result of a blow to the eye itself or…
Orbital Infections
Orbital Infections ORBITAL CELLULITIS Orbital cellulitis is a real ophthalmic emergency that needs prompt recognition and treatment. In severe cases, the infection can progress rapidly over a few hours with…
Orbital Inflammation
Orbital Inflammation THYROID EYE DISEASE Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common cause of proptosis in adults. The disease can range from mild eyelid retraction to severe proptosis with…
Congenital Orbital Anomalies
Congenital Orbital Anomalies MICROPHTHALMOS Microphthalmos is a developmental disorder of the eye. The eye is small, and there are usually structural defects. The microphthalmos can be mild, or the eye…
Eyelid Neoplasms
Eyelid Neoplasms KERATOACANTHOMA Keratoacanthoma presents as an isolated lesion on the face with a unique appearance. The lesion is dome shaped with a central keratin-filled crater. It grows rapidly over…
Lacrimal Obstructions
Lacrimal Obstructions CONGENITAL OBSTRUCTIONS CONGENITAL NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is seen in 2% to 6% of newborns but resolves in the first 3 to 4 weeks in…
Lacrimal Infections
Lacrimal Infections DACRYOCYSTITIS Epidemiology and Etiology • Age: Most common in older adults but can be seen at any age • Gender: More common in females • Etiology: Nasolacrimal obstruction…
Congenital Eyelid Anomalies
Congenital Eyelid Anomalies BLEPHAROPHIMOSIS Blepharophimosis is a congenital eyelid syndrome that has a characteristic eyelid appearance and includes telecanthus, epicanthus inversus, and severe myogenic ptosis. Epidemiology and Etiology • Age:…
