Development and Management of Refractive Error: Binocular Vision-Based Treatment There is substantial variation in the refractive state (RS) at birth1,2,*; yet, most people become nearly emmetropic, essentially needing no correction,…
Aniseikonia There are few subjects that have been developed with greater care or are supported by more extensive research than that of aniseikonia. Although it is relatively common in clinical…
Patient and Practice Management Issues in Vision Therapy Throughout this text, we have emphasized the importance of considering a variety of treatment options in a sequential manner for all accommodative,…
Binocular Vision Problems Associated With Refractive Surgery It has been estimated that over 11 million laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedures have been performed in the United States, of which…
Binocular and Accommodative Problems Associated With Learning Problems This chapter is not designed to provide new diagnostic tests or treatment procedures for vision disorders associated with reading problems. The accommodative,…
Interactions Between Accommodation and Vergence Binocular vision dysfunctions occur because of excessive tonic vergence; abnormal interactions of vergence, proximal vergence, and accommodation1; and/or deficient vergence (prism) adaptation.2 Analysis of tonic…
Binocular and Accommodative Problems Associated With Computer Use Among the most frequent health-related problems reported by users of computer video display terminals (VDTs) are those related or attributed to vision….
Binocular and Accommodative Problems Associated With Acquired Brain Injury The treatment of binocular vision, accommodative, and eye movement disorders related to acquired brain injury (ABI) is one of the more…
Fixation Disparity Fixation disparity tests are measures of changes in ocular alignment in response to binocular vergence stimulation or accommodative stress or both.1 With fixation disparity testing, it is not…
