10.1055/b-0034-77977 Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Anatomy and EmbryologyAnnie S. Lee, Alla Y. Solyar, Donald C. Lanza, and Christos Georgalas Summary Understanding the anatomy and embryology is the foundation for understanding…
10.1055/b-0034-77982 Investigations in Nasal DiseaseGlenis K. Scadding and Susanne M. Reinartz Summary The investigation of upper airway disorders is important because such problems can have a significant impact on patients’…
10.1055/b-0034-77978 Nasal and Paranasal Sinus PhysiologyVassilios Danielides, Haralampos Gouveris, Sarah Lovell, and De-Yun Wang Summary The nose is the entry point to the respiratory tract, where over 10,000 to 20,000…
10.1055/b-0034-77980 Immunology and the Nose: From Basic Science to ClinicalCornelius M. van Drunen and Wytske Fokkens Summary The ultimate dream of any scientist or physician is likely to be the…
10.1055/b-0034-77979 Recent Advances in Understanding the Pathophysiology of RhinosinusitisPeter W. Hellings Summary Rhinosinusitis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology and hence diverse phenotypes. Based on the duration of symptoms,…
10.1055/b-0034-77983 Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool and Surgical Instrument in RhinologyTimoleon F. Terzis and Nicole J. M. Freling Summary Modern imaging modalities provide invaluable help in both the diagnostic process…
10.1055/b-0034-77985 Patient-reported Outcome Measures and Measurement Tools in RhinologyClaire Hopkins and Christos Georgalas Summary Patients now rightly expect their doctors to record outcomes of clinical care. Clinical measures are becoming…
10.1055/b-0034-77981 Genetics in RhinologyElina Toskala and Hakon Hakonarson Summary Diseases that affect the upper airways, including allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are complex disorders with clear genetic factors, most…
10.1055/b-0034-92462 Central Causes of Facial ParalysisJ. Gail Neely Central facial paralysis classically presents unilaterally, contralateral to the central lesion, as (1) paresis of the lower face, with sparing of the…
10.1055/b-0034-92467 Surgical Management of the EyeGuy G. Massry Facial nerve paresis has potentially significant ophthalmic and oculoplastic implications. Distal branches of the nerve innervate the orbicularis oculi muscle, which functions…
