Surgical robots at work
Contents Classes of surgical robots 54 Human-robot input interfaces 56 Haptic and force feedbacks 57 Linking robots to navigation systems 58 Virtual fixtures 58 Giving robots surgical intelligence 59 This…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
The da Vinci® system: technology and surgical analysis
Contents The main parts of the da Vinci® 66 Slave design® 67 The master control 70 The control unit and motion mapping between master and slave 71 Force and haptic…
Principles and concepts of surgical navigation
Contents Spatial localization 10 Image dataset registration 13 Patient referencing system 15 Navigated surgical instrument calibration 15 Navigation with a surgical microscope 15 Augmented reality navigation 16 Computer-assisted surgery consists…
Using the past to understand the present: A short history of digital guidance in ENT
Contents From stereotactic frames to image-guided surgery 2 From the hand-held motor to the motor-held hand 6 From stereotactic frames to image-guided surgery B. Lombard In the history of medicine, the…
Ocular motility
CONCOMITANT ESOTROPIA In a comitant deviation the angle is the same, or nearly the same, for all positions of gaze; the two types are non-accommodative and accommodative. Non-accommodative Early-onset (infantile)…
Systemic signs
FACE Facial rash Atopic eczema Signs • Dry, itchy, erythematous thickening of facial skin ( Fig. 15.1 ). Fig. 15.1 Look for • Staphylococcal blepharitis. • Vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis….